天津市部分区
2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末质量调查英语学科试卷
第三部分： 阅读理解(共 15 小题; 每小题 2 分， 满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。
A
From learning about protecting wild animals and natural habitats to reading about the impact of recycling, picture books are perfect for showing kids how to get involved. Here are four of such books.
Thank You, Earth
The author of this book, April Pulley Sayre, has authored many award-winning books for kids, and this one is truly special. It’s written in a letter format, thanking the Earth for so many great natural moments and phenomena. You’ll find beautiful photography cover to cover, so kids can get an up close look at what they’re reading.
Save the Bees
Author and illustrator Bethany has a whole series of “Save the” books, and they all have great lessons for kids. The illustrations are fun and colorful -- perfect for young animal lovers who want to learn how to make a difference. On her website, she even has links to free animated audio books, which are a great resource for parents or teachers looking for virtual story time.
The EARTH Book
Todd Parr has always done a lovely job, focusing on simple illustrations and lessons. His distinct style shines through this book, giving kids real ideas they can try in their everyday lives.
It’s a good book for even the youngest of environmentalists and perfect for families to read together. Use it to get the conversation going with little ones.
Tall Tall Tree
Describing the wildlife that lives in Northern California’s redwood forests, this book turns story time into a counting lesson as young children count all the creatures in the forests. Slightly older readers will also love reciting Anthony D. Frederick’s playful rhyme all on their own and learning about the animals of the forest.
31. What make(s) the book Thank You, Earth different from others
A. Its writing form.
B. Its special theme.
C. Its beautiful cover.
D. Its colorful illustrations.
32. Whose personal website can provide e-books for free
A. Todd Parr’s.
B. Bethany Stahl’s.
C. Anthony Frederick’s.
D. April Pulley Sayre’s.
33. Which book is suitable for parents who want to discuss environmental problems with kids
A. Save the Bees. B. Thank You, Ea r th.
C. The EARTH Book. D. Tall Tall Tree.
B
Carl Allamby started his car repair business at the tender age of 19. Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 workers, but Allamby had become uneasy, longing for something more. Therefore, at the age of 34, he decided to go for his bachelor’s degree in business management.
After taking classes part-time over the next five years, Allamby was told he had to take biology to get his degree, which later turned out to be the best thing that ever happened. Biology classes reawakened a childhood dream that he had hidden somewhere deep within himself.
Born in East Cleveland, Ohio, Allamby was raised by his stay-at-home mother and a father who sold home goods door-to-door. His school didn’t offer the advanced science classes that might have led him on a premed (医学预科的) path. Even if it had, doing well in school could prove dangerous. “You could get into a lot of trouble just for being the class nerd (讨厌的人),” Allamby said. So he set aside the thoughts of becoming a doctor and started fixing cars instead.
But a different Carl Allamby walked into that biology class at age 39. He was ready to live his dream. With the support of his family he soon decided to skip business school to take science classes. Becoming a doctor was late and he would become a nurse instead, he reasoned. But Allamby’s chemistry professor told him “Why not a doctor You have a great talent for the work. You will go a long way.” The professor was right and Allamby did very well.
In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Northeast Ohio Medical University. In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General.
“How many people can do something so brand-new at such a late stage in their life ” he said. “My age and past career are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.”
34. Why was taking biology “the best thing that ever happened” to Allamby
A. It ensured him a bachelor’s degree.
B. It developed his potential to become a doctor.
C. It brought about positive transition in his life.
D. It satisfied his childhood curiosity about doctors.
35. What is the author’s purpose in writing Para. 3
A. To describe Allamby’s difficulty in school.
B To introduce Allamby’s family background.
C. To explain why Allamby once gave up his dream.
D. To show how Allamby struggled in his childhood.
36. What do we know from the chemistry professor’s words
A. He appreciated Allamby’s courage.
B. He recognized Allamby’s capability.
C. He suggested Allamby should aim lower.
D. He thought Allamby was too old to be a doctor.
37. What does Allamby’s story mainly tell us
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. Education holds the key to success.
C. A tough man can bear great suffering.
D. It’s never too late to pursue your dream.
C
Avoiding unseen food hazards (危害) is the reason people often check the dates on food packaging. And printed with the month and the year is often one of the following phrases: “best by”, “use by”, “best if used before”, “best if used by”, “guaranteed fresh until” and “freeze by”.
People think of them as expiration dates, or the date at which a food should go in the trash bin. But the dates have little to do with when food becomes less safe to eat. I am a microbiologist and I have studied the spread of bacteria (细菌) in food. A more science-based food dating system could make it easier for people to differentiate foods they can safely eat from those that could be hazardous.
It’s reported that in 2020 the average American household spent 12 percent of its income on food, but a lot of the food is simply thrown away, despite being perfectly safe to eat. And nearly 31 percent of all available food is never consumed. The current food dating system may be to blame for the problem.
It’s logical to believe that date labels are there for safety reasons, since the USA government enforces rules including printing nutrition and ingredient information on food packaging. The dates on those food packages, however, are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Rather came from food producers.
A food brand may survey consumers in a focus group to pick a “use by ” date that is six months after the product was produced because 60 percent of the focus group no longer liked the taste after six months. Smaller manufacturers of a similar food might play copycat and put the same date on their products.
One industry group, the Food Marketing Institute and Grocery Manufacturers Association, suggests that its members mark food “best if used by” to indicate how long the food is safe to eat, and “use by” to indicate when food becomes unsafe. But using these marks is voluntary and often causes consumer confusion.
A joint study by the Harvard Food Law and Policy Clinic and the National Resources Defense Council recommends the elimination (取消) of dates aimed at consumers. Instead, it suggests manufacturers and distributors use “production” or “pack” dates, along with “sell by” dates, aimed at supermarkets and other retailers. The dates would indicate to retailers the amount of time a product will remain at high quality.
38. What does the author think of the current food dating system
A. It is not scientific enough.
B. It is no better than the old one.
C. It leads to more food hazards.
D. It will fall out of use some day.
39. What does the underlined part “the problem” refer to
A. Food poisoning.
B. High food cost.
C. Food waste.
D. Poor food quality.
40. Why does the text mention the examples in paragraphs 5 and 6
A. To present a fact.
B. To explain a rule.
C. To reveal a secret.
D. To make a comparison.
41. What is the text mainly about
A. A warning to food producers.
B. A better way to label food dates.
C. The science behind food date labels.
D. The dark side of current food date labels.
D
Technology has changed the ways in which we communicate with each other. For many people, the primary form of communicating these days is via instant messaging. When you run out of space or ideas, you just hit the send button or tum it off. There are no silences between the words, literally or figuratively (比喻地).
In real life, getting along with another person takes effort and energy. There are moments when neither person has anything to say. Silence can feel awkward. So too, emotions can arise in real life that are difficult. There are moments when things can get painful with another person. Misunderstandings happen, hard truths are revealed, and feelings can get hurt.
A trend has started to pop up. When difficulty or conflict arises within a relationship we are simply dropping out of it rather than facing the issue. I hear of this more often in my practice and notice it more in my own life. We come and go, in and out of each other’s lives with remarkable ease, as if relationships are not really worth investing in or working for any longer. It makes me wonder if we are simply losing the ability to deal with the messy and uncomfortable parts of life. The result is that we are left with a lot of relationships but not much in the way of nourishing relationships. We have it easy, but we don’t have it real.
When we run into conflict with others, the reason we are willing to address the conflict is that we want the relationship and we care about it. Discomfort, awkwardness and challenges are an unavoidable part of being in a relationship with others. We have to remind ourselves that we can wade (涉水) through that messy river to get to the other side where the relationship can be restored. In psychology, we call this process repair. And the relationship that is formed after dealing with the conflict together is actually stronger than if the conflict had not happened.
We will never end up anywhere deeply satisfying by avoiding challenges. Each moment that we are willing to be uncomfortable in a relationship, to live in and through the messiness, is a drop of gold in the relationship itself. The investment in the hard stuff is finally what makes the relationship worth investing in. The willingness to be uncomfortable with something and the value of that something are part of the same circle.
42. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs
A. Technology has brought people closer.
B. True friends are not embarrassed by silence.
C. Online communication creates a lot of misunderstandings.
D. More challenges arise in real-life interpersonal relationships.
43. What is the author’s attitude towards the trend mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. Negative. B. Positive.
C. Reserved. D. Unclear.
44. What does the author suggest people do
A. Step back and avoid conflict.
B. Pay more attention to themselves.
C. Try to fix the relationship.
D. Learn to identify unhealthy relationships.
45. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To describe a growing trend.
B. To stress the importance of handling conflict.
C. To guide people into meaningful relationships.
D. To show the influence of the Internet on relationships.
天津市河北区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Still seeking a destination for your weekend break There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.
King's Art Centre
A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere This weekend tees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.
You could attend a class teaching you how to 'learn from the masters' or get more creative with paint ---- free of charge.
The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.
The Botanic Garden
The Garden has over 8,000 plant species; it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.
The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves, and is not one to miss.
Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.
The Garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called 'Hissing Sid' is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.
Byron's Pool
Many stories surround Lord Byron's time as a student of Cambridge University, Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of "mess and drunkenness". However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I'm not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his roans. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.
It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron's Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don't trust me, then perhaps you’ll take it from Virginia Woolf- ----over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.
31. As mentioned in the passage, there is a small charge for_____.
A. attending the masters' class B. working with local artists
C. learning life drawing D. seeing an exhibition
32. "Torch Aloe" and "Venus Flytrap" are_____.
A. common insects B. impressive plants
C. rarely-seen snakes D. wildlife-enthusiasts
33. We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed_____.
A. to fear pet bears B. to like walking
C. to be a heavy drinker D. to finish university in 1805
34. In the passage Byron's Pool is described as a lake_____.
A. surrounded by fields
B. owned by Lord Byron
C. located in Grantchester
D. discovered by Virginia Woolf
35. What is the passage mainly about
A. Some places for weekend break
B. A way to become creative in art.
C. The colourful life in the countryside.
D. Unknown stories of Cambridge University.
B
My family moved into our home nine years ago. We spent a lot of time and energy in the yard to get it looking like the way it does today. In front of the house, the rocks appear to be just thrown up onto the dirt as if someone were in a hurry to finish. We called this area our “rock garden”. Denise and I would also plant some flowers between the rocks, just to bring some color to the area.
Last summer I found, in the rock garden, a tiny little plant that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either. We decided to let it continue growing until we could figure out what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the strange plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. It looked thin and tall with only one head on it. I decided to baby it along and weed(除杂草)around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something unusual. The sunflower had not started where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the sun.
That’s when I realized that if a tiny little sunflower didn’t allow a big rock to stand in its way of developing, we too have the ability to do the same thing. Once we believe in ourselves like that little sunflower, we can attain the same nourishment(养分)for growth as well.
Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud of who and what we are, then the environment will begin to support us. We will find a way to go under or around any “rocks” in order to achieve our goals.
36. What can we know from the first paragraph
A. The author finished building his house hurriedly.
B. The family has lived in this house for 9 years.
C. The author’s house is made of rocks.
D. The family don’t like gardening.
37. The author let the tiny plant continue growing to ______.
A. see how long it could live
B. see how big it could grow
C. find out what it actually was
D. know if his wife had planted it
38. The author found it unusual that ______.
A. the strange plant turned out to be the sunflower
B. the sunflower grew under and around a big rock
C. the sunflower had only one head on it
D. the sunflower was very thin and tall
39. Which of the following can best describe the sunflower
A. Confident. B. Devoted. C. Delicate. D. Modest.
40. We can conclude from the passage that ______.
A. rocks cannot prevent us from success
B. the sunflowers are able to grow everywhere
C. we should take good care of the rock gardens
D. we can get over difficulties if we trust ourselves
C
Children are becoming addicted to social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned. It found many youngsters measure their status by public approval they get online, often through “likes”. Some change their conduct in real life to improve their image online.
The research into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children’s Commissioner(专员)Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major psychological risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to deal with the huge pressure they faced online. Youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they didn’t respond to social media posts quickly and around the clock.
Children aged 8 to 10 were “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many people like their posts”, indicating their need for social recognition gets stronger as they become older.
Children tended to compare themselves to others online. “Then there is this push to connect—if offline, will you miss out, will you show you don’t care about those you are following, all come together in a huge way at once.” Miss Longfield said, “For children it’s very difficult to handle.”
The research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they grew, they became increasingly anxious online. Children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for fun. When they started secondary school, they became more conscious of their image online and felt more pressure to ensure popularity of their posts.
However, they still didn’t know how to deal with mean-spirited(刻薄的)jokes, or the possible sense of inability if compared with celebrities or more brilliant friends online. They also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day.
Schools and parents must do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区). Social media companies must “take more responsibility” and monitor websites better or adjust their websites to the needs of youngsters. It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.
41. What may account for children’s addiction to social media
A. To get their status recognized.
B. To reduce psychological risks.
C. To change their conduct in real life.
D. To deal with huge emotional pressure.
42. How was the research conducted
A. It covered children of all ages.
B. It sought assistance from parents.
C. It was sponsored by social media companies.
D. It divided children into groups and compared them.
43. While becoming older, children have a tendency to ______.
A. switch off social media platforms
B. pick up more anxiety and pressure
C. become less conscious of their image online
D. develop skills to deal with mean-spirited jokes
44. Children’s comparing themselves to others online may lead to ______.
A. less friendliness to each other
B. an increase in online cheating
C. lower self-identity and confidence
D. a stronger desire to share with their parents
45. What should parents do to solve the problem
A. Communicate more with secondary schools.
B. Urge media companies to create safer apps.
C. Keep track of children’s use of social media.
D. Forbid their children from visiting the web.
天津市河东区2022～2023学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试卷
Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some books that are carefully picked for your kids.
Corduroy
It’s about a little bear, Corduroy, in a toy shop. He has lost one of his buttons (纽扣). This makes him very sad because he wants to be taken home by a kid. So he decides to find a new button. Corduroy contains some hard words. So you’d better use a dictionary while reading it.
Price: $18; a 10% discount (折扣) on Sunday
Curious George
Curious George, a monkey, is a little too interested in everything, which causes humans to bring him from the forest to a big city. However, there he calls the fire department, is sent to prison, escapes from prison and is carried into the sky by balloons. Though the book uses a lot of short and simple sentences, some of its words are not simple.
Price: $20; a 20% discount on Sunday
The Story of Ferdinand
Ferdinand, a bull, loves to smell the flowers in the grasslands. One day people come to pick a male cow for bullfights. Ferdinand doesn’t want to be chosen, but a bee stings (蜇) him. It causes him to jump around crazily, so he’s picked. In Ferdinand’s first fight, he lies down to smell the flowers instead of fighting. So he is sent back to the grassland. The book has many similar stories that bring laughter. And it has everything that makes a children’s book great for English learners — simple and hard words.
Price: $16; a 10% discount on Sunday
Green Eggs and Ham
In this book, a cat named Sam really likes green eggs and meat. So he offers them to a friend. Read the book to see if his friend likes the meal or not. This book is a poem. Despite the simple vocabulary, the words are used in a way that feels smart.
Price: $15; a 5% discount on Sunday
36. Why does Corduroy decide to find a new button
A. To make a kid buy him. B. To send it as a gift to a kid.
C. To make his clothes warmer. D. To take the place of the damaged one.
37. What happens to Curious George after he leaves the forest
A. He fits into human society. B. He creates some problems.
C. He makes friends with humans. D. He sets animals in the zoo free.
38. What do Corduroy and The Story of Ferdinand have in common
A. They teach kids to be kind to animals.
B. They enjoy great popularity among kids.
C. They contain basic and advanced vocabulary.
D. They are recommended by English beginners.
B
On a July afternoon in 1937, 15-year-old Betty Brown was playing with her father’s shortwave radio and searching for her favorite songs when she casually turned the dial on the radio and heard something that made her stop. It was a voice that sounded familiar. Back in those days, news clips (新闻摘要) were played at movie theaters. Brown recognized the voice from one of the news films she had seen.
“I heard Amelia Earhart in a panicked voice, a heartbreaking voice,” Brown recalled in a 2007 interview. “She was saying, ‘This is Amelia Earhart Putnam, please help me. Please hear me.’”
Brown quickly began writing down what she heard --- parts of desperate conversations between the woman she believed was Earhart and an unknown man. Later, she decided that the man must have been Earhart’s navigator (领航员), Fred Noonan. As the signal faded in and out, Brown never left the radio. She scribbled (潦草地写) away as Earhart and Noonan struggled for control of the radio. Earhart tried to prevent Noonan from leaving the plane after they had apparently crash-landed. All the while, Earhart repeated strings of numbers and mentioned rising water. After about three hours, Earhart and Noonan were seemingly forced to abandon the plane as it was filled with water, and the distress calls (遇险呼救) stopped.
Brown and her father both tried to give her notes to the United States Coast Guard, but they were told the situation was under control. The search for Earhart was abandoned after a great effort was made. But Brown kept her notebook. In 2000, people from an organization researching Earhart’s disappearance asked to see it. The researchers were convinced that Brown’s notes were reliable. If the researchers are right, the notes are a priceless, yet sorrowful, record of the sad ending of an American hero.
39. Betty Brown stayed by the radio for so long because she________.
A. was waiting for her music to come back on
B. enjoyed recording people’s conversations
C. wanted to gather more information about Earhart’s situation
D. wanted to take notes for a book about Earhart
40. From the Coast Guard’s reaction to Brown, we can infer that the Coast Guard________.
A. did not want to look for Earhart
B. did not believe Brown heard Earhart
C. wanted Brown to help them find Earhart
D. already knew where Earhart was
41. Which word can best describe Brown
A. Determined. B. Forgetful. C. Independent. D. Careless.
C
The famous French beauty company L’Oréal has promised that by 2030, 95 percent of its ingredients (原料) will come from renewable plant sources and be respectful of the environment. Asked what is driving the beauty industry to clean and green beauty, Laurent Gilbert, one of L’Oréal’s directors said, “Natural science has made progress in the past years so that we can change to natural ingredients.”
L’Oréal says it will draw on recent developments in Green Sciences to get the best that nature has to offer through technology. Up to now, 80 percent of the Group’s materials have been easily biodegradable ( 生物可降解), 59 percent have been renewable, and 34 percent have been natural or of natural origin. And 29 percent of the ingredients used in their products were developed following the rules of Green Chemistry.
“We have already used active ingredients which are plant-based. The way we are getting and producing ingredients will change.” Gilbert added.
As part of their sustainability (可持续性) program, the brand had also promised to use less plastic. It said, “By 2030, 100 percent of the plastics used in L’Oréal’s products’ packaging will be from recycled sources. We have a strong policy to help reach that goal. Besides making it recyclable, we are trying to move to a new kind of packaging.”
“All our promises are global. We have two research centers in India, one in Bengaluru and one in Mumbai. Those are really important to those goals. The Bengaluru one is being specialized in natural ingredients. It will give support to this change,” says the research center, which was set up in India in 1994.
To achieve these aims, L’Oréal has brought all of its resources in Green Sciences together, including recent progress in agricultural economics, together with new developments in biotechnology, Green Chemistry and modelling tools. The Group is also building strong relationships with universities, new companies and its own material suppliers.
42. What plays an important role in L’Oréal’s decision to change its ingredients
A The support from the local government.
B. The development of natural science.
C. The call for smart spending habits.
D. The research on target markets.
43. Why does L’Oréal turn to a new packaging method
A. To bring convenience to customers.
B. To avoid damage to its products.
C. To cut the cost of packaging.
D. To reduce plastic use.
44. What does L’Oréal do to reach its goals
A. Develop new resources and join hands with different groups.
B. Limit the number of factories in developed countries.
C. Grow more plants and invite plenty of professionals.
D. Keep the traditional way of producing materials
45. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. L’Oréal’s achievements in business
B. L’Oréal’s challenge of increasing sales
C. L’Oréal’s plans for green and clean beauty
D. L’Oréal’s expectation of creating plant-based food
天津市红桥区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试卷
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分;满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting yet nerve racking.I had never been to such an amazing national park before yet I wasn't the most athletic person so I knew that I couldn't stick through all the hiking up and down.It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience.
The ride there was definitely long but worth it.As I woke up from my nap，I saw the beautiful scenery of the tall mountains and beautiful streams.The trails were made nicely for visitors.The waterfalls were breathtaking with capturing views.Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts.Even though I fell a couple of times，I still had a lot of fun.The fact that my family and I spent so much time together all trying to find out which route to take and what views to watch really brought us closer together.
The great thing about nature is that，it's just you，the views，and the people around you.There's nothing there to bother you and it's the best way to relax and enjoy yourself.Yosemite has 5 of the world's highest waterfalls，and about 300 lakes.The structure of each mountain is incredible，it's formed in ways that literally take your breath away.Some of them are a deep dark color with waterfalls forming，some are formed with spots of green peeking out.It's definitely something you wouldn't want to miss.The park also has 67 mammalian species with a variety of different types of animals that roam around you.
Yosemite isn't the only great National Park but based on my experience I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends.It's a great time to bond，laugh，and take in what Mother Nature has to offer.
26. The author writes the first paragraph mainly to________.
A. offer an example to us
B. introduce the topic of this passage
C. describe a national park
D. tell us his/her future plan for hiking
27. While climbing up rocks，the author was________.
A. worried B. injured
C. puzzled D. pleased
28. What interested the author most in the National Park
a．The forms of the mountains.
b．The color of the waterfalls.
c．The different species.
d．The animals around you.
e．The hunters here and there.
A. a，b，c B. b，c，e
C. a，c，d D. a，d，e
29. In the author's opinion，Yosemite________.
A. is worth travelling to
B. is made up of some hills
C. is not the most beautiful park
D. is crowded with visitors every day
30. The author suggests us________.
A. trying to protect the environment
B. visiting Yosemite now and then
C. keeping a good bond with other people
D. going out to enjoy the beauty of nature
B
Britons are well known for the amount of tea that they drink. The average person in the UK consumes around 1.9 kg of tea yearly. That’s around 876 cups of tea. Tea is drunk by all sections of society. But tea is not native to Britain. Most tea is grown in India and China. So, how did it become an important part of British culture
Tea arrived in London in the 1600s. At this time British ships were exploring the world and came across the drink in China. It was not long before green tea was available to buy. However, this was only available to the richer sections of society.
At the beginning of the 1700s, the amount of tea arriving in Britain increased gradually. Black tea arrived at this time. At first people drank this tea exactly as it was in China. They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar, giving the drink a special British characteristic.
In the 1800s tea was still a product enjoyed only by people with money. At this time they began to have “afternoon tea”. This involves drinking tea with a snack around 4 pm to avoid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner. It is a tradition that is still going today but has become less popular in recent times.
In the late 1800s, the price of tea decreased sharply as more tea began to arrive on ships from India and China. It was no longer a drink just for rich people. Tearooms — shops where you could buy and drink tea — started to appear across the country. People enjoyed drinking tea and socialising in these places. At the start of the 20th century, Britons began to make tea in their homes whenever they felt like it. Kettles became necessary in every kitchen.
31. How does the passage mainly develop
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance.
32 What can we learn about British tea culture from Paragraph 1 and 2
A. Tea reached Britain from China centuries ago. B. Britons are famous for planting tea.
C. Green tea was popular in China. D. Most tea is grown in Britain.
33. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A. how British people drank black tea B. why the amount of tea increased
C. when green tea arrived in China D. who discovered black tea
34. When was tea no longer a drink just for rich people in the UK
A. In the early 1700s. B. In the early 1800s.
C. In the late 1800s. D. In the late 20th century.
35. What is the author’s purpose of writing this article
A. To describe how to drink tea. B. To explain why people love tea.
C. To compare black tea with green tea. D. To introduce the history of British tea culture.
C
Every one of us may have been hurt by others—either by their words or actions. The best way to deal with the problem is to “forgive and forget”.
“It is well established that learning to forgive others can have positive benefits for one’s physical and mental health,” Saima Noreen, a scientist at the University of St. Andrews, UK, told the Huffington Post.
Recently, Noreen and her research team have found one more reason that you should stick to this principle—forgiving somebody who has hurt you makes it easier for you to forget the unhappy memory, according to their new study.
In the study, researchers asked volunteers to read descriptions of 40 different situations that contained bad actions such as stealing, lying and cheating. Imagining being the victims (受害者), volunteers then had to decide whether they would be able to forgive. Two weeks later, volunteers took part in a memory test. In the test, they were shown a series of words related to the situations they had read about and then were asked to recall certain ones.
The results showed that people were less likely to remember the details of the unpleasant experiences if they had found forgiveness in their hearts. In contrast, if they hadn’t forgiven the mistake, they could always remember what had happened.
However, forgiving someone who has hurt you is always easier said than done. So Noreen hopes that one day in the near future research will give rise to powerful therapeutic (有疗效的) tools that will enable people to “forgive and forget” more effectively.
36. According to the passage, Saima Noreen is ________.
A. a reporter of Huffington
B. a scientist from UK
C. a student at a university
D. a volunteer in the test
37. What have Noreen and her team found recently
A. Forgiving helps us to forget unhappy memories.
B. They have found no reason to hurt other people.
C. A memory test is necessary to help people forgive.
D An unpleasant experience can be easily forgotten.
38. The right order of the following steps of the study should be ________.
a. Take a memory test. b. Imagine being a victim.
c. Decide whether to forgive or not. d. Read descriptions of 40 different situations.
A. d→b→a→c B. a→b→d→c
C. a→d→b→c D. d→b→c→a
39. What does the underlined word “recall” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Translate. B. Choose. C. Remember. D. Explain.
40. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It’s impossible to forgive someone.
B. Noreen has finished her research report.
C. The therapeutic tools have been invented.
D. There may be some therapeutic tools soon.
天津市河西区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末阶段性质量监测英语试题
三、阅读理解
A
You can choose happiness regardless of your circumstances. You can choose to be happy no matter what challenges life brings you. Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.
Make lemonade when life gives you lemons.
Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life. It’s how you choose to react to your situations that make the difference. If you look at something hard enough, you’ll see the positive side of it.
Do what you love doing.
Do you have a lifelong dream or desire If so, start working towards it. Taking baby steps towards a goal will help you feel like you’re accomplishing something. You’ll find drive and determination to reach that goal when it’s something you love doing.
Use one of your talents.
One reason why so many people are unhappy is that they’re not doing what they’re called to do with their God-given talents. Each of us has a purpose in life. You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.
Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful.
Talk about your feelings and listen to their advice. Usually, people allow themselves to go deeper and deeper into self-depression. The truth is that you don’t have to be sad. You can decide to be happy. You just have to make up your mind to do so.
Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness.
When you focus on what’s wrong with your life, you forget to look at what’s right and good. Take a step back and reflect on your life. Do you have children or family to be thankful for Yes, they may not be the person we’d like them to be, but imagine life without them. Now, be thankful that you have them in your life.
Let your feelings out on paper.
Often you’ll find that just getting your feelings down on paper will allow you to work through them, helping you feel better about yourself and your beautiful life!
31. The first paragraph is used to _______.
A. expect readers to ignore themselves
B. start a discussion among readers
C. introduce the topic to readers
D. carry out a challenge among readers
32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _______.
A. trouble is part of life
B. lemonade is very delicious
C. life is full of sweetness and bitterness
D. lemons can only be used to make lemonade
33. The underlined word “God-given” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to“_______”.
A. diverse B. natural C. excellent D. learned
34. Which of the following strategies is NOT mentioned in this passage
A. Be grateful. B. Do many activities.
C. Call a cheerful friend. D. Use one of your talents.
35. The author writes the passage for _______ people.
A. excited B. depressed C. bad-tempered D. kind-hearted
B
Many people around me make a difference to the world on a daily bas — being kind in unexpected ways and sharing the generosity of their lives with others. I, like many of them, volunteer some of my time in order to give back just a little of what I am so blessed to have. I volunteered to go to Guatemala with an eyeglass team from International Relief Teams — an organization I have supported in other ways for many years.
Our team went to a small town in Guatemala, San Augustin. We set up our tables and packages of pre-made glasses in the dirty courtyard of a clinic, put up the Snellen chart (an eye chart) on a wall, and began our work.
Young and old people came from many of the surrounding towns. Most had never received an eye exam before. They waited for hours patiently in the sun, never complaining. If we could help them out, their thankfulness for a simple pair of glasses was overwhelming. Some only left with eye drops or sunglasses, and even these people expressed their gratitude sincerely. All of them were very generous with blessings and smiles. We heard over and over from people who knew their eyes needed help but they had not gone to a doctor because it was too expensive, or had not got the glasses they needed for the same reason.
It’s so easy to overlook how much difference the volunteers’ small actions can make to the lives of people in Guatemala. The glasses in my country are so easily available, but to people in Guatemala, they are not.
As those who could give them a hand, we watched their lives change. What a gift sight is — and what a difference being able to see clearly makes! Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need. And every day, those actions change lives. No action is too small; no action is ever wasted.
36. According to Paragraph 1, the author is probably ________.
A. a major host of good deeds
B. a sponsor of an eyeglass team
C. a generous neighbor in his community
D. a supporter of International Relief Teams
37. What do we know about the volunteers in the eyeglass team
A. Their working environment is simple.
B. They are medical experts nationwide.
C. Their initial preparation is inadequate.
D. They have served people in Guatemala for years.
38. Which of the following words can be used to describe most people in Guatemala
A. Kind and helpful. B. Poor but grateful.
C. Considerate and patient. D. Knowledgeable but unhealthy.
39. What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A. Rome was not built in a day.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Don’t look down upon those less fortunate.
D. Don’t take what you have today for granted.
40. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To urge people to protect their eyes.
B. To ask people to volunteer in Guatemala.
C. To call on people to do good deeds in daily life.
D. To show the difficult life of people in Guatemala.
C
Many parents worry that showing negative emotions in front of their children will cause them to suffer. For example, children may end up thinking it's their fault or simply "catch" the emotion. Indeed, this worry has a sound basis — the phenomenon of “emotional contagion"（情绪感染）is real, and one recent study found that parents can transfer their fear of going to the dentist, for example, to their children.
On the other hand, there is the natural idea that we should “be real" with our children, and that they will benefit from watching a parent who struggles and eventually deals with their negative emotions like any other human being.
There are three concepts to consider when it comes to emotional display in front of children: suppression （压抑），"uncontained" expression, and talking about emotions. Suppression of emotion is when you hide the outward signs of an emotion. Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well — the act of suppressing your emotion actually increases your blood pressure. Observers can pick up on your distress despite your efforts to hide it, making them feel stressed. The recent research has also found that when parents feel negative emotions and keep them from their children, they experience lower relationship quality and decreased responsiveness to their child's needs.
On the other hand, “uncontained" expression of anger and sadness by the parent is also not salutary for the child. Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .
So, what is the middle ground That would be talking about emotion taking ownership of them and showing your child that you are trying to deal with them. Classic research found that six-year-old kids had better emotional understanding and perspective-taking skills if their mothers had talked to them about their emotions at the age of three. In fact, the more the mothers had talked, the better the outcome would be.
So next time you feel sad, angry or frustrated and your child is watching you expressing emotion, do explain what's going on in terms they can understand.
41. The author uses the example of going to the dentist mainly to _______.
A. explain parents' common fear
B. introduce the topic of negative emotions
C. show children may catch parents' emotions
D. present the consequences of transferring negative emotions
42. If a mother suppresses （(压抑)）her emotions, .
A. she will not make her kids feel stressed
B. she can hide her emotions from her kids
C. she will often shout at her kids for no reasons
D. she can't respond effectively to her kids' needs
43. What does the underlined word "salutary" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Enough. B. Beneficial. C. Necessary. D. Reliable.
44. What is the author's intention of writing this text
A. To encourage parents to "be real" with our children.
B. To call on parents to develop a positive attitude to life.
C. To inform parents of the consequences of negative emotions.
D. To recommend parents to talk about negative emotions with children.
5. What's the structure of the text
答案：
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末质量调查英语学科试卷
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4本绘本。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据Thank You, Earth部分“The author of this book, April Pulley Sayre, has authored many award-winning books for kids, and this one is truly special. It’s written in a letter format, thanking the Earth for so many great natural moments and phenomena. (这本书的作者，April Pulley Sayre，为孩子们写了许多获奖的书，这本书真的很特别。它是以书信的形式写的，感谢地球如此多伟大的自然时刻和现象。)”可知，使得Thank You, Earth不同于其它书籍的是它的写作形式。故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Save the Bees部分“On her website, she even has links to free animated audio books, which are a great resource for parents or teachers looking for virtual story time. (在她的网站上，她甚至有免费动画有声书的链接，这是寻找虚拟故事时间的家长或老师的绝佳资源。)”可知，在Bethany的个人网站上有免费的动画有声书的链接。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据The EARTH Book部分第二段“It’s a good book for even the youngest of environmentalists and perfect for families to read together. Use it to get the conversation going with little ones.( 这是一本好书，即使是最年轻的环保主义者，也是一家人一起阅读的完美之选。用它来促进与小朋友的对话。)”可知，The EARTH Book这本书适合那些想和孩子们讨论环境问题的父母。故选C。
【答案】34. C 35. C 36. B 37. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了出身贫寒的Carl Allamby在年近50岁的时候克服重重困难，实现了自己儿时的医生梦。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Northeast Ohio Medical University. In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General.(在2015年，Allamby与他的过去断绝了联系，然后他开始在东北俄亥俄医科大学工作。2019年，Carl Allamby成为Carl Allamby医学博士。他在克利夫兰诊所阿克伦总医院找到了一份急诊医学工作)”可推知，学生物学对Allamby来说是“发生过的最好的事情”是因为这给他的生活带来了积极的转变。故选C项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Born in East Cleveland, Ohio, Allamby was raised by his stay-at-home mother and a father who sold home goods door-to-door. His school didn’t offer the advanced science classes that might have led him on a premed path. Even if it had, doing well in school could prove dangerous. “You could get into a lot of trouble just for being the class nerd,” Allamby said. So he set aside the thoughts of becoming a doctor and started fixing cars instead.(Allamby出生在俄亥俄州的东克利夫兰，他的母亲是全职主妇，父亲是挨家挨户推销家居用品的。他的学校没有提供可能让他走上医学预科之路的高级科学课程。即便如此，在学校表现良好也可能是危险的。“如果你只是班里的书呆子，你可能会惹上很多麻烦，”Allamby说。所以他把当医生的念头搁在一边，开始修车)”可推知，作者写第3段的目的是来解释为什么Allamby曾经放弃了他的梦想。故选C项。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“But Allamby’s chemistry professor told him ”Why not a doctor You have a great talent for the work. You will go a long way.” (但是Allamby的化学教授告诉他：“为什么不去当医生呢？你对这项工作很有天赋。你会大有作为的。”)”可知，从化学教授的话中我们知道他认识到Allamby的能力。故选B项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““How many people can do something so brand-new at such a late stage in their life ” he said. “My age and past career are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.”(“有多少人能在生命的晚期做一些如此全新的事情？”他说。“我的年龄和过去的职业生涯都是我不应该在这里的好理由。然而，我却在这里。”)”可推知，Allamby的故事主要告诉了我们追求梦想永远都不晚。故选D项。
【答案】38. A 39. C 40. A 41. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉读者食品包装上的日期并不受食品和药物管理局的监管，而是来自食品生产商。作者建议取消针对消费者的日期。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“People think of them as expiration dates, or the date at which a food should go in the trash bin. But the dates have little to do with when food becomes less safe to eat. I am a microbiologist and I have studied the spread of bacteria (细菌) in food. A more science-based food dating system could make it easier for people to differentiate foods they can safely eat from those that could be hazardous. (人们认为它们是保质期，或者食物应该扔进垃圾桶的日期。但日期与食物何时变得不安全无关。我是一名微生物学家，我研究了细菌在食物中的传播。一个更科学的食品测年系统可以让人们更容易区分他们可以安全食用的食物和那些可能有害的食物。)”可知，作者认为需要一个更科学的食品测年系统，也就是说目前的食品测年系统并不科学。故选A。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“It’s reported that in 2020 the average American household spent 12 percent of its income on food, but a lot of the food is simply thrown away, despite being perfectly safe to eat. And nearly 31 percent of all available food is never consumed.(据报道，2020年，美国家庭平均将收入的12%花在食物上，但很多食物被扔掉了，尽管它们吃起来非常安全。在所有可用的食物中，有近31%从未被食用。)”可知，这里指的问题是指食物浪费的问题。故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后“The dates on those food packages, however, are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Rather came from food producers. (然而，这些食品包装上的日期不受食品和药物管理局的监管。而是来自食品生产商。)”以及第五段“food brand may survey consumers in a focus group to pick a ”use by“ date that is six months after the product was produced because 60 percent of the focus group no longer liked the taste after six months. (一个食品品牌可能会在一个焦点群体中调查消费者，以选择产品生产后6个月的“使用日期”，因为焦点群体中60%的人在6个月后不再喜欢这种味道。)”和第六段“One industry group, the Food Marketing Institute and Grocery Manufacturers Association, suggests that its members mark food ”best if used by“ to indicate how long the food is safe to eat, and ”use by“ to indicate when food becomes unsafe.(一个行业组织，食品营销协会和食品杂货制造商协会，建议其成员在食品上标注“最佳使用时间”，以表明食品的安全食用时间，并在“使用时间”上标注食品的不安全时间。)”可推断，第五段和第六段的例子只是为了说明第四段提到的一个事实，那就是食品包装上的日期是来自食品生产商。故选A。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“It’s logical to believe that date labels are there for safety reasons, since the USA government enforces rules including printing nutrition and ingredient information on food packaging. The dates on those food packages, however, are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Rather came from food producers. (日期标签的存在是出于安全考虑，这是合乎逻辑的，因为美国政府执行的规定包括在食品包装上印刷营养和成分信息。然而，这些食品包装上的日期不受食品和药物管理局的监管。而是来自食品生产商。)”以及第五段“A food brand may survey consumers in a focus group to pick a ”use by“ date that is six months after the product was produced because 60 percent of the focus group no longer liked the taste after six months. (一个食品品牌可能会在一个焦点群体中调查消费者，以选择产品生产后6个月的“使用日期”，因为焦点群体中60%的人在6个月后不再喜欢这种味道。)”可知，文章主要介绍了当前食品日期标签的阴暗面。故选D。
【答案】42. D 43. A 44. C 45. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述科技改变了人们的交流方式，面对面的现实生活中的交流遇到挑战。作者建议人们建立有意义的人际关系，当遇到冲突时，要积极去解决。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Technology has changed the ways in which we communicate with each other. For many people, the primary form of communicating these days is via instant messaging. When you run out of space or ideas, you just hit the send button or tum it off. There are no silences between the words, literally or figuratively (比喻地). (科技改变了我们彼此交流的方式。对许多人来说，现在主要的交流方式是通过即时消息。当你没有空间或想法时，你只需按下发送按钮或关闭它。交流之间没有沉默，无论是字面上还是比喻上。)”和第二段“In real life, getting along with another person takes effort and energy. There are moments when neither person has anything to say. Silence can feel awkward. So too, emotions can arise in real life that are difficult. There are moments when things can get painful with another person. Misunderstandings happen, hard truths are revealed, and feelings can get hurt. (在现实生活中，与他人相处需要付出努力和精力。有时候，两个人都没有话要说。沉默会感到尴尬。同样，情感也会在现实生活中产生，而这些生活很困难。有时候，与另一个人在一起会很痛苦。误解会发生，残酷的真相会暴露，感情也会受到伤害。)”可知，现实生活中的人际关系面临更多挑战。故选D。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It makes me wonder if we are simply losing the ability to deal with the messy and uncomfortable parts of life. The result is that we are left with a lot of relationships but not much in the way of nourishing relationships. We have it easy, but we don’t have it real. (这让我怀疑，我们是否正在失去处理生活中混乱和不舒服部分的能力。结果是，我们留下了很多关系，但却没有太多滋养关系的方式。我们很容易做到，但我们没有做到。)”可知，作者对这个趋势是持怀疑的态度。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“We have to remind ourselves that we can wade (涉水) through that messy river to get to the other side where the relationship can be restored. In psychology, we call this process repair. And the relationship that is formed after dealing with the conflict together is actually stronger than if the conflict had not happened. (我们必须提醒自己，我们可以趟过那条脏乱的河流，到达另一边，在那里我们可以恢复关系。在心理学中，我们称这种过程为修复。在一起处理冲突后形成的关系实际上比冲突没有发生时更牢固。)”可知，当人们之间有冲突时，作者建议人们去解决。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We will never end up anywhere deeply satisfying by avoiding challenges. Each moment that we are willing to be uncomfortable in a relationship, to live in and through the messiness, is a drop of gold in the relationship itself. The investment in the hard stuff is finally what makes the relationship worth investing in. The willingness to be uncomfortable with something and the value of that something are part of the same circle. (避免挑战，我们永远不会在任何地方得到令人满意的结果。我们愿意在一段关系中感到不舒服的每一刻，愿意生活在混乱中并度过混乱，都是这段关系本身的一滴黄金。对艰难事物的投资最终是使这段关系值得投资的因素。对某些事物感到不舒服的意愿和这些事物的价值是同一个圈子的一部分。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是要引导人们建立有意义的人际关系。故选C。
天津市河北区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文属于应用文。文章中提供了三则广告，让大学生的周末假期过得有意义，提供给了大学生们休闲的地方．
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一则广告的The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.可知该中心还开办了两个生活绘画班，收费很低。故可知学习写生需要一些费用。选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二则广告的第二段的The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.可知“Torch Aloe”是“Venus Flytrap”给人印象深刻的植物。选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段的He spent a great deal of time walking in the village一句可知Byron喜欢散步。选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段第二句中的…the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the field可知Byron’s Pool是被田包围的湖。选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。由根据文章首句"Still seeking a destination for your weekend break？There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college．(还在为你的周末假期寻找一个目的地吗？也许有些地方离你的大学只有一步之遥)"可知，这三则广告都是提供给大学生周末休闲的。选A。
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者发现家里的一株向日葵生在石头下，却绕过石头生长出来。由此感悟到，只要相信自己的能力，我们就能成功。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句话“My family moved into our home nine years ago.(我的家人九年前搬进了我们家)”可知，作者一家在这所房子已经生活了9年。故选B项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话“We decided to let it continue growing until we could figure out what it was.(我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们弄清楚它是什么)”可知，作者他们让它继续生长，是想弄清楚它是什么。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something unusual. The sunflower had not started where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the sun.(当我从这片区域取出石头去除草时，我注意到一些不寻常的事情。向日葵并不是从我看到的地方开始生长的。实际上，它是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，然后在石头下面和周围生长，以便见到阳光)”可知，作者发现不寻常的是这棵向日葵生长在一块大石头的下面和周围。故选B项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“Once we believe in ourselves like that little sunflower, we can attain the same nourishment for growth as well.(一旦我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们也能获得同样的滋养来成长)”可以推论出，那棵向日葵是很自信的。故选A项。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。根据作者讲述的向日葵的故事，特别是文章第四段的最后一句“Once we believe in ourselves like that little sunflower, we can attain the same nourishment for growth as well.(一旦我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们也能获得同样的滋养来成长)”和最后一段“Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud of who and what we are, then the environment will begin to support us. We will find a way to go under or around any “rocks” in order to achieve our goals.(像向日葵一样昂首挺立，为自己感到自豪，那么环境就会开始支持我们。为了实现我们的目标，我们会找到一种方法，从任何‘岩石’下面或周围钻过去)”我们可以得出结论：如果我们相信自己，就能克服困难。故选D项。
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了8到12岁使用社交软件的孩子们面临的很多压力，作者分析了其原因并提出了相应建议。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Children are becoming addicted to social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned. It found many youngsters measure their status by public approval they get online, often through “likes”(一项大型研究警告称，孩子们正因为自我价值感而沉迷于社交媒体。调查发现，许多年轻人通过在网上获得的公众认可来衡量自己的地位，通常是通过“点赞”来衡量)”可知，孩子们沉迷于社交网络的原因是使自己的社会地位被认可。故选A项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The research into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children’s Commissioner Anne Longfield(这项针对8至12岁青少年的调查是由儿童专员安妮·朗菲尔德开展的)”和文章第三段“Children aged 8 to 10 were “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many people like their posts”, indicating their need for social recognition gets stronger as they become older(8到10岁的孩子在别人点赞他们的帖子时“开始感到高兴”。然而，10至12岁年龄组的人“关心有多少人喜欢他们的帖子”，这表明随着年龄的增长，他们对社会认可的需求越来越强烈)”以及第五段“The research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they grew, they became increasingly anxious online(这项涉及8组32名8至12岁儿童的研究表明，随着他们的成长，他们在网上变得越来越焦虑)”可以推断出研究采用的是分组比较的方法。故选D项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they grew, they became increasingly anxious online. Children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for fun. When they started secondary school, they became more conscious of their image online and felt more pressure to ensure popularity of their posts(这项涉及8组32名8至12岁儿童的研究表明，随着他们的成长，他们在网上变得越来越焦虑。年仅8岁的儿童使用社交媒体平台主要是为了娱乐。上中学后，她们更加注重自己的网络形象，也更有压力要确保自己的帖子受欢迎)”可知，随着年龄的增大，孩子们对于社交媒体的焦虑感和压力会与日俱增。故选B项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段“Children tended to compare themselves to others online. “Then there is this push to connect—if offline, will you miss out, will you show you don’t care about those you are following, all come together in a huge way at once.” Miss Longfield said, “For children it’s very difficult to handle(孩子们倾向于在网上和别人比较。“还有一种联系的冲动——如果离线，你会错过吗？你会表现出你不在乎你关注的人吗？所有这些都会以一种巨大的方式同时聚集在一起。”朗菲尔德小姐说：“对孩子来说，这很难处理”)”和文章第六段“However, they still didn’t know how to deal with mean-spirited jokes, or the possible sense of inability if compared with celebrities or more brilliant friends online(然而，他们仍然不知道如何应对刻薄的笑话，或者与网上的名人或更聪明的朋友相比可能产生的无能感)”表明孩子们在网上与其他人比较会降低他们的自我认同感和自信心。故选C项。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using(对于父母来说，了解孩子在使用哪些应用程序也非常重要)”可知，父母需要了解孩子在使用什么应用程序，所以应该时刻跟踪了解孩子对于社交应用程序的使用。故选C项。
天津市河东区2022～2023学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试卷
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本为孩子们精心挑选的书。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Corduroy这一部分中“He has lost one of his buttons. This makes him very sad because he wants to be taken home by a kid. So he decides to find a new button.(他丢了一个纽扣。这让他很伤心，因为他想让一个孩子带回家。所以他决定找一个新纽扣)”可知，Corduroy决定去找一颗新的纽扣是因为他想被孩子买回家。故选A项。
【37题详解】
判断推理题。根据Curious George这一部分中“However, there he calls the fire department, is sent to prison, escapes from prison and is carried into the sky by balloons.(然而，在那里他打电话给消防部门，被送进监狱，从监狱逃脱，被气球带到天空)”可推知，好奇的乔治离开森林后，他制造了一些问题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
判断推理题。根据Corduroy这一部分中“Corduroy contains some hard words. So you’d better use a dictionary while reading it.(Corduroy含有一些难读的单词。所以你最好在阅读的时候用字典)”以及The Story of Ferdinand中“And it has everything that makes a children’s book great for English learners — simple and hard words(这本书有适合英语学习者的儿童读物的所有东西——简单的单词和难的单词)”可推知，这两本书的共同之处是既有基础的单词也有一些难的高级的词汇。故选C项。
【答案】39. C 40. B 41. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个故事：Betty Brown在听收音机时接收到了Amelia Earhart发出的求救信号，但没有被官方使用去救助Amelia Earhart。而后来2000年，她对求救信息的记录却被证实是可信的。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“I heard Amelia Earhart in a panicked voice, a heartbreaking voice (我听到Amelia Earhart惊恐的，令人心碎的声音)”以及第三段第一句“Brown quickly began writing down what she heard (Brown快速写下她听到的)”可知，她之所以在收音机旁坐了很久是为了继续听，以便获得更多关于Amelia Earhart的消息。故选C项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段一二句“Brown and her father both tried to give her notes to the United States Coast Guard, but they were told the situation was under control. The search for Earhart was abandoned after a great effort was made. (Brown和她的父亲都试图将她的笔记交给美国海岸警卫队，但他们被告知情况已得到控制。经过一番努力，对Earhart的搜寻工作被放弃了。)”可知，美国海岸警卫队搜寻过Amelia Earhart，并且说情况得到控制，即不需要Brown的帮助，但实际没有搜索到人究竟在那里，故可推测他们并不是很相信Brown所说的消息，并没有根据她记录的信息去搜救就放弃了。故选B项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段二三句“The search for Earhart was abandoned after a great effort was made. But Brown kept her notebook. (经过一番努力，对Earhart的搜寻工作被放弃了。但是Brown保存了她的笔记本)”可知，她是一个意志坚定的人。故选A项。
【答案】42 B 43. D 44. A 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出法国著名化妆品公司欧莱雅承诺，到2030年，其95%的原料将来自可再生植物资源，并尊重环境。欧莱雅高层解释了这一举措背后的原因以及该品牌在可持续发展道路上所做出的努力。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Asked what is driving the beauty industry to clean and green beauty, Laurent Gilbert, one of L’Oréal’s directors said, “Natural science has made progress in the past years so that we can change to natural ingredients.”(当被问及是什么推动美容行业走向清洁和绿色美容时，欧莱雅的董事之一劳伦特 吉尔伯特表示:“自然科学在过去几年取得了进步，因此我们可以改用天然成分。”)”可知，欧莱雅决定改变其成分的重要原因是自然科学的发展。故选B项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“As part of their sustainability program,
