专题十四 七选五
一、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are numerous resources available for you to learn a language online, and many of them are free.
Watch TV in the language you're studying. ①_____ For example, if you have the television on while you're washing dishes, that is passive listening. To use TV viewing as a tool to improve your language skills, pay attention and watch actively. ②_____ In this way, you can understand what's being said. Later, you might turn on subtitles in the language you're learning.
Listen to music or podcasts. ③_____ Another advantage of listening to music or to a podcast is that you're free to do something else at the same time.
Don't be afraid to start with children's books or comic books online. You likely learned how to read your native language through children's books, and you can learn another language the same way. ④_____
⑤_____ If the language you're studying is an official language of a country, there will typically be national news and entertainment websites in that language. Do a general online search for "news" with the name of the country. You might try doing your search in the language to bring up websites that are in that language.
A. Learn about the culture behind the language.
B. Turn on subtitles in your own language at first.
C. Visit international news or entertainment websites.
D. This helps to listen to the language as often as possible.
E. The words will be simpler and easier for you to understand.
F. However, you must employ active rather than passive listening.
G The repetition of most music lyrics makes them a way to learn language.
二、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Where fat goes when you lose weight
The world is obsessed with fad diets and weight loss, yet few of us know how a kilogram of fat actually vanishes off the scales. The most common misconception by far, was that fat is converted to energy. Some thought fat turns into muscle, which is impossible. ①_______
The enlightening facts about fat metabolism
The correct answer is that fat is converted to carbon dioxide and water. If you lose 10 pounds of fat, precisely 8.4 pounds comes out through your lungs and the remaining 1.6 pounds turns into water. ②_______ This surprises just about everyone, but almost everything we eat comes back out via the lungs.
③_______
We all learn that "energy in equals energy out” in high school. But energy is a notoriously confusing concept, even among scientists who study obesity ④_______
According to the latest government figures, Americans consume 3.55 kg of food and beverages every day. If you put 3.55 kg of food and water into your body, plus 660 grams of oxygen, then 4.2 kg of stuff needs to come back out, or you'll gain weight. If you're hoping to shed some weight, more than 4.lkg will have to go.
Eat less, exhale more
⑤_______ Unfortunately not Hufing and puffing more than you need to will only make you dizzy, or possibly faint. The only way you can consciously increase the amount of carbon dioxide your body is producing is by moving your muscles.
A. Calories in equals energy out.
B. Kilograms in versus kilograms out.
C. The reason we gain or lose weight is much less mysterious if we keep track of all the kilograms, too, not just those calories.
D. So if fat turns into carbon dioxide, could simply breathing more make you lose weight
E. So if not energy muscles where does fat go
F. In other words, nearly all the weight we lose is exhaled.
G. Everything else you swallow is absorbed.
三、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Good health can be defined as physical, mental, and social wellbeing, and as a resource for living a full life. But maintaining good health doesn’t happen by accident. ①_______
Studies have found that inflammation (炎症) can damage tissue, joints, artery walls, and organs. A healthy diet is rich in fiber, whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, good or unsaturated fats, and omega-3 fatty acids. ②_______ The Mediterranean diet meets all of the criteria for good health, and there is convincing evidence that it is effective at warding off heart attack, stroke, and premature death.
Physical activity is also necessary for good health. There are many benefits to exercising regularly. These include a lower risk of diseases like cancer and diabetes, improved physical function, and a higher quality of life. ③_______ For example, pregnant women who engage in routine physical activity are less likely to gain a large amount of weight or experience depression after giving birth, elderly people who exercise are at lower risk of being injured during a fall.
Stress can have both direct and indirect effects that undermine physical health and body. Finding ways to reduce stress is another strategy that can help you stay healthy, given the connection between stress and a variety of disorders. ④_______ Try meditation, mindfulness, yoga, playing on weekends, and taking vacations.
⑤_______ If something happens to your health, a physician you know—and who knows you—is in the best position to help. He or she knows how to deal with everything from helping you through a bout with the flu to back pain and digestion issues, to uncovering serious illnesses like cancer and heart disease.
A. There are many ways to relieve stress.
B. Exercising can also benefit certain groups.
C. Aim for 150 minutes of exercise every week.
D. Have consultations with famous and reliable doctors.
E. These dietary components can turn down inflammation.
F. Establish a good relationship with a primary care physician.
G. It requires work, smart lifestyle choices, and regular checkups.
四、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In 2015,the Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates warned the world in a TED speech that highly infectious viruses would kill millions of people in the future. It remained unnoticed until recently. The video has been watched over 43 million times online so far. ①________
Based on his beliefs, Gates writes a new book, How to Prevent the Next Pandemic. ②________
③________ He suggests that scientists, data analysts and policy experts across the world work together as a team to prepare for quick response at the future outbreaks of pandemics in different countries and regions. Schedule the arrangements before people shift their attention to other things, he says in the book.
Moreover, research and development should be further strengthened. They are to secure that lifesaving tools, effective vaccines of long-term protection, effective treatments and highly sensitive diagnostic techniques can benefit all people at a faster speed. It requires not only investment but also bigger production capacity. ④________
Lastly, people need to improve health immunization system and early warning systems, especially in low-and-middle-income countries. ⑤________ With early warning systems tracing any outbreak of infectious diseases, people can sequence the genes of viruses as soon as possible to tell how to handle them before they spread.
A.To start with, plans should be made.
B.Routine immunization should be improved.
C.It is about the causes and spread of COVID-19.
D.Firstly, more people are encouraged to watch the speech video.
E.As a consequence, when the next crisis arrives, people can be ready.
F.He believes that people can learn a lot from the COVID-19 pandemic.
G.95 percent viewings happened after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For people who wonder which type of exercise they should try, there is a one-word answer: running! While I am not a fitness trainer or medical doctor. I am able to evaluate the facts, and the facts favor running. Running is a great form of exercise. ①_____ You also do not need a bunch of fancy equipment, for a pair of basic running shoes should do. Finally, you do not need to rely on other people, as you do when playing team sports. ②_____
③_____ When you run, you build strength and endurance (耐力) . You give your heart a good workout, too. On top of these benefits, you also build bones stronger, which has long term benefits. Many runners use the time on the track or road to think through problems, so running can have mental health benefits as well. ④_____ Running helps increase your level of endorphins (内啡肽), which are chemicals that relieve pain and make you more relaxed. When these endorphins reach the brain, they can make the runner feel a kind of excitement. And, beyond the temporary runner’s high, running regularly helps people with depression improve their moods.
Some people may argue that swimming and biking are easier on the joints (关节) than running, but swimming requires a pool, and biking requires a bicycle and a helmet. Additionally, no one has ever proven that the average runner’s routine leads to joint problems. ⑤_____
A.Running is good for your emotional needs.
B.You can harvest many benefits from running.
C.In fact, the expression “runner’s high” really exits.
D.You do not need a gym membership in order to run.
E.That means you can easily fit exercise into your schedule.
F.So grab a pair of running shoes and start your new life as a runner!
G.It’s advisable to just replace swimming and other sports with running.
六、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Crossing the pedestrian bridge that connects our school to its surrounding neighborhood reminds us that there's more to Rochester than just our school. ①_______ By staying on campus all the time, we limit ourselves to just feeling like students and not people. Here's a list of things we can do around Rochester whenever we see it again.
②_______ It's a big, wide open produce market that happens every Saturday on Union Street. They sell flowers, vegetables, fruits, and clothing, and there are a few restaurants and coffee shops along the alleyway. Often, they have live music, and once I watched a friend play their saxophone there in front of the grape stand.
Study somewhere else besides school. Go to a coffee shop, or one of the public libraries. I like the music library at Eastman, and the coffee shop across the street, Java's. Rochester is full of cafes and spots to sit and study. ③_______
Go to a concert, if you're into that. The Little Theater has free live music every single night, and there's a variety of other bars and music halls that bring in local artists. Most venues offer shows for less than $10. ④_______ That's my favorite. Those guys are crazy, and watching them play their instruments is like being transported into a strange, shimmering world of classical music.
Go for more walks. When you're stuck, listen to music and roam around our campus. Sit under a tree and look at all the people walking by. Or take one of the shuttles that stop in front of the library to a new neighborhood, like the South Wedge, and float in and out of the small businesses along the street. Or, if you know somebody with a car, go to Letchworth and see the waterfalls. ⑤_______
A.Go to the Live Music.
B.Go to the Public Market.
C.But how often do we cross that bridge
D.No matter what it is, going outside always helps.
E.If you can focus outside of our own library, do it.
F.Additionally, all student concerts at Eastman are free for students at our school.
G.It's no secret that our college campus, like the majority of campuses, is a bubble.
七、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
April is the cruel-lest month... Or so said gloomy poet T S Eliot in his long poem, The Wasteland. It seems he wasn't wrong. SAD(Seasonal Affective Disorder)—otherwise known as the “winter blues”—is a well-known condition. But, surprisingly, some people feel more depressed in spring and summer than at other times of the year. The days getting warmer and longer, and the fact that spring flowers and blossom represent new beginnings for some people, just make the spring blues worse for others. ①_____.
What Causes Reverse Sad
Because it's not well understood or often spotted, it's hard to pin down the reasons for feeling down when everyone else seems to be full of the joys of springtime. With winter SAD, less sunlight is thought to disrupt the body's internal clock and bring on depression. ②______ You might also be tempted to stay up later, throwing out your body clock.
How Do You Recognize It
③_____ Do you love the cold and feel much more energized at that time of year, while spring makes you feel much less positive Again, this could be reverse SAD. And it sometimes runs in families, so look around at your nearest and dearest and note how they feel about the advent of warmer, brighter days.
④_____
Exercise can work wonders. A study found that ten weeks of standard exercise was 20 per cent more effective than medication. And get plenty of sleep. Try to get up at the same time every day, even if you haven't slept well. ⑤_____.
A. Can Exercise Help Overcome Reverse Sad
B. Can You Shake off the Spring Blues
C.This phenomenon is sometimes called "reverse sad".
D.The spring blues may have a negative effect on people.
E.Like traditional SAD, spring depression comes back at the same time every year.
F. But if your depression shows no sign of lifting, see your doctor.
G.Reverse SAD, on the other hand, might be caused by too much sunlight.
八、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many campers （露营者）love to plan their trips during autumn season. There are plenty of fun activities you can enjoy during your camping trip. ①_______ autumn season offers lots of activities that make your outdoor adventure more fun! Here are Some fall camping tips to make your trip more memorable.
Schedule for the cool weather. Even though summer just ended, you should be prepared for cool weather” Autumn weather is very unpredictable. ②_______. You wouldn't want your trip to be ruined because you keep waking up in the early morning because of cold weather
③_______. An important thing to keep in mind is that the days are shorter during cool seasons. More importantly, food takes longer to cook when the weather is cold, so schedule your cooking times to make sure that you enjoy your meal times. Be sure you cook dinner and clean up before the sun goes down.
Be careful with bears. Any camper knows that it is quite important to protect themselves from bears and other wildlife. But we must be extra careful during fall season. ④_______.
Go apple or pumpkin picking. There are lots of apple trees in the country where you camp. ⑤_______, consider apple picking during the day. To get even more fun out of autumn, you can choose to go pumpkin picking. You can also bring your own pumpkins to carve around the campfire! The kids will love it.
A.Schedule your cooking times
B.Prepare your meal and enjoy it as soon as possible
C.If you’re lucky enough to have one near your campsite
D.Whether you are camping by yourself, or with your friends
E.Most animals wake up in spring and go hungry at this time of the year
F.It can be hot till the earlier afternoon, but cold once the sun goes down
G.That is because wildlife gets active around looking for food as winter nears
九、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earning an MBA Abroad
Anyone who hopes to lead a Fortune 500 Firm someday should realize that a high-profile leadership role will probably require extensive travel and teamwork with colleagues from all over the world. Any ambitious businessperson may wish to consider attending a business school (B-school) where he or she is neither a citizen nor a permanent resident. When deciding whether to go to a business graduate program in a foreign country, do a cost-benefit analysis. ①________
Selling Points and Disadvantages
Earning an MBA or another type of graduate business degree in a foreign country bears valuable advantages. One big advantage is that you will be able to learn about new cultures. ②________ It also allows you to experience different working styles and how certain companies operate, which can be beneficial for future employers who want employees with global experience.
③________ International flights to and from a foreign school may be expensive. You may find it harder than they expected to get visas (签证) or work permits for your schooling abroad, which means you might have to leave the country abruptly when you graduate without much time for transmission. You may also be concerned about cultural differences in learning styles, study habits, and academic strictness.
Other Factors to Consider
When comparing MBA programs in different countries, keep several regional distinctions in mind. The standard in some countries is for MBA degrees to be completed within a single year. ④________ The price of B-school in some areas tends to be more expensive and starting salaries among recent MBA graduates tend to be especially high within certain countries.
No matter where in the world you’d prefer to pursue an MBA, it’s wise to investigate your target B-school’s course offerings to assess whether the lessons taught at that school seem interesting and relevant to you. ⑤________ In other words, think over the location where you intend to spend the majority of your career.
A.This will help in future work opportunities.
B.Another consideration is your final destination.
C.In other places the typical time-to-degree is two years.
D.Admission odds may vary depending on the location of the programs.
E.Unfortunately, there are some downsides to pursuing an MBA overseas.
F.How employers recognize the values of an MBA influences job opportunities.
G.Here is an outline of the pluses and minuses associated with going abroad for B-school.
十、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is a “transplant ” In gardening, transplant is the process of planting seeds inside and then moving the new growth, or sprout, outside. Transplanting is easy and often costs less. You get to watch the new growth happen up close. ①_____ A garden expert and writer for the Associated Press, Lee Reich, can give you his advice.
To get started with transplants, you will need a container and soil. ②_____ Fill the containers with a special mix called potting soil and push it down—but not too much.
③_____ Do this by making a small hole into the mix and put in the seeds. Cover the seeds with the potting soil and press gently again. Place the containers in a pan, or any flat, open, and larger container that could hold some water. Put water into the pan until the water reaches halfway up the containers with the seeds. After a few hours, remove them from the water.
Seeds need warmth to germinate. ④_____ A good average temperature for just about all seeds is about 24℃.
Now for the exciting part—waiting to see little, green sprouts! Remove all but the strongest sprout from each container. ⑤_____ Your goal now is to grow strong transplants that can survive a move to the outside garden.
In four to six weeks, most transplants should be two to three times the height of their containers. They should be strong and ready to be transplanted outside—or almost ready. Now... they are ready to go into the garden!
A. If you are new to this type of gardening, do not worry.
B. You are also an experienced gardener.
C. Then plant seeds, three or four in each container.
D. They are used to their future environment with a week of being outside.
E. The amount of warmth needed is different from plant to plant.
F. The containers should be between 5 to 10 centimeters deep.
G. Just be careful not to hurt the roots of the sprout that remains.
答案以及解析
一、
答案：FBGEC
解析：①细节理解题。根据上文Watch TV in the language you're studying.(用你正在学习的语言看电视。)以及后文For example, if you have the television on while you're washing dishes, that is passive listening. To use TV viewing as a tool to improve your language skills, pay attention and watch actively.(例如,如果你在洗碗的时候开着电视,那就是被动倾听。把看电视作为提高语言技能的工具,集中注意力,积极地看电视。)可知,后文的例子表明要主动倾听电视,而不是被动。所以F. However, you must employ active rather than passive listening.(然而,你必须采用主动而不是被动的倾听。)符合语境,故选F。
②联系下文题。根据后文In this way, you can understand what's being said. Later, you might turn on subtitles in the language you're learning.(这样,你就能听懂别人在说什么。之后,你可能会打开你正在学习的语言的字幕。)可知,本句是在说明听懂别人在说什么的第一步,即打开母语字幕。所以B. Turn on subtitles in your own language at first.(首先打开母语的字幕。)符合语境,故选B。
③联系下文题。根据后文Another advantage of listening to music or to a podcast is that you're free to do something else at the same time.(听音乐或听播客的另一个好处是,你可以在同一时间做其他事情。)可知,本句是在说明听音乐的第一个好处:大多数音乐歌词的重复使它们成为学习语言的一种方式。所以G. The repetition of most music lyrics makes them a way to learn language.(大多数音乐歌词的重复使它们成为学习语言的一种方式)。符合语境,故选G。
④联系上文题。根据上文Don't be afraid to start with children's books or comic books online. You likely learned how to read your native language through children's books, and you can learn another language the same way.(不要害怕从儿童书籍或网上漫画书开始。你可能通过儿童读物学会了如何阅读母语,你也可以用同样的方法学习另一种语言。)可知,上文提到阅读儿童读物,本句说明原因:单词会更简单,你更容易理解。所以E. The words will be simpler and easier for you to understand.(单词会更简单,你更容易理解。)符合语境,故选E。
⑤段落主题题。根据后文if the language you're studying is an official language of a country, there will typically be national news and entertainment websites in that language. Do a general online search for "news" with the name of the country. You might try doing your search in the language to bring up websites that are in that language.(如果你正在学习的语言是一个国家的官方语言,通常会有该语言的国家新闻和娱乐网站。用国家名称在网上搜索“新闻”。你可以试着用这门语言搜索,找到用这门语言的网站。)可知,本段的建议是访问该语言的国家新闻和娱乐网站。所以C. Visit international news or entertainment websites.(访问国际新闻或娱乐网站。)符合语境,故选C。
二、
答案：①-⑤EFBCD
解析：文章介绍了减肥的脂肪转化情况。本篇文章为总分结构，第一段引出话题，后面几段分别三个方面 进行介绍脂肪的转化。
①E设空处位于段尾，设问引出下文，同时承接了上文的疑问，如果脂肪不是人们所认为的转化成能量或肌肉，那应该是转化成什么呢？
②F设空处位于段中，顺承关系，换一句话解释说明上文的内容。
③B设空处于段落小标题，概括本段内容，根据举例中提到的数据都是千克计算，可以得出选项B为正确答案。
④C设空处位于段尾，承接上文的同时，引出下文，“keep track of all the kilograms, too, not just those calories.”正是后文提到的内容。
⑤D设空处为段首，设问句引出下文，后句直接回答，同时进一步例证。
三、
答案：①-⑤GEBAF
解析：①由上文"But maintaining good health doesn't happen by accident. (但保持健康并非偶然)"和下文第二段"The Mediterranean diet meets all of the criteria for good health, and there is convincing evidence that it is effective at warding off heart attack, stroke, and premature death.(地中海饮食符合健康的所有标准,有令人信服的证据表明,地中海饮食能有效预防心脏病发作、中风和过早死亡)",第三段"Physical activity is also necessary for good heath. (身体活动对健康也是必要的)",第四段"Finding ways to reduce stress is another strategy that can help you stay healthy, given the connection between stress and a variety of disorders.(考虑到压力和各种疾病之间的联系,寻找减轻压力的方法是另-种可以帮助你保持健康的策略)"和最后一段"If something happens to your health, a physician you know and who knows you is in the best position to help.(如果你的健康出现问题,请你认识的医生为您提供最佳帮助)"可知,保持健康不是随意为之,需要在生活方式(饮食和减轻压力)、锻炼和看医生方面下功夫,G选项"它需要锻炼、明智的生活方式选择和定期检查。"切题, 引出下文讲保持健康的具体方法。故选G项。
②E选项"这些饮食成分可以减少炎症。"承接上文"Studies have found that inflammation (炎症) can damage tissue, joints, artery walls, and organs. A healthy diet is rich in fiber, whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, good or unsaturated fats, and omega-3 fatty acids.(研究发现,炎症会损伤组织、关节、动脉壁和器官。健康的饮食富含纤维、全谷物、新鲜水果和蔬菜、优质或不饱和脂肪以及欧米伽-3脂肪酸)"讲健康饮食成分带来的好处一减少炎症。故选E项。
③由上文"Physical activity is also necessary for good health. There are many benefits to exercising regularly. These include a lower risk of diseases like cancer and diabetes, improved physical function, and a higher quality of life. (身体活动对健康也是必要的。经常锻炼有很多好处。这包括降低患癌症和糖尿病等疾病的风险,改善身体机能,提高生活质量)"可知锻炼有好处, B选项"锻炼对某些群体也有好处。"承接上文,也提出观点,引出下文"For example, pregnant women who engage in routine physical activity are less likely to gain a large amount of weight or experience depression after giving birth, elderly people who exercise are at lower risk of being injured during a fall(例如,从事日常体育活动的孕妇在分娩后体重增加或抑郁的可能性较小,而锻炼身体的老年人在跌倒时受伤的风险较低)"具体举例说明锻炼对哪些群体有好处。故选B项。
④由上文"Finding ways to reduce stress is another strategy that can help you stay healthy, given the connection between stress and a variety of disorders.(考虑到压力和各种疾病之间的联系,寻找减轻压力的方法是另-种可以帮助你保持健康的策略)"和下文"Try meditation, mindfulness, yoga, playing on weekends, and taking vacations. (尝试冥想正念、瑜伽、周末玩耍和度假) "可知,承接上下文, A选项"有很多方法可以缓解压力。"切题,讲减压的方法。故选A项。
⑤由下文"If something happens to your health, a physician you know and who knows you is in the best position to help. He or she knows how to deal with everything from helping you through a bout with the flu to back pain and digestion issues, to uncovering serious illnesses like cancer and heart disease.(如果你的健康出现问题,请你认识的医生为您提供最佳帮助。他或她知道如何处理一切,从帮助你度过流感背痛和消化问题,到发现癌症和心脏病等严重疾病)"可知,下文所讲的医生应该是初级保健医生,可得出作者建议读者有问题就联系初级保健医生,承接下文, F选项"与初级保健医生建立良好的关系。"可总起该段。故选F项。
四、
答案：①-⑤GFAEB
解析：①根据该段讲述的为Bill Gates在TED演讲中的关于高传染性病毒的相关情况，所以该空内容依旧是围绕该主题论述。G选项“95 percent viewings happened after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.(95%的观看发生在COVID-19大流行爆发之后。)”的内容中的viewing和上一句video, watched为同范畴词呼应。故选G项。
②分析文章结构可知，此处的内容与接下来的三段内容是“总一分”关系。所以该空应该是起到一个承上启下的作用，F选项“He believes that people can learn a lot from the COVID-19 pandemic.(他认为人们可以从COVID-19大流行中学到很多东西。)”中的learn a lot from the COVID-19 pandemic.与下文三段内容相符。故选F项。
③根据空格所处的位置可知，此空为段落的中心句，且为Bill Gates在新书中所提到的第一个建议，A选项“To start with, plans should be made.(首先，应该制定计划。)”中的To start with与第四段中Moreover的和第五段Lastly衔接合理。故选A项。
④根据空格位于段尾可知，很可能对该段的内容进行概括总结。E选项“As a consequence, when the next crisis arrives, people can be ready.(因此，当下一次危机到来时，人们可以做好准备。)”中的As a consequence可知，此选项对该段进行了总结，结合本段的主题句“Moreover, research and development should be further strengthened.(此外，应进一步加强研究和开发。)”可知，E选项与该内容吻合。故选E项。
⑤根据最后一段中的主题句“Lastly, people need to improve health immunization system and early warning systems, especially in low-and-middle-income countries.(最后，人们需要改善卫生免疫系统和预警系统，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。)”可知，该空讲述的内容是改善卫生免疫系统，B选项“Routine immunization should be improved.(应改进常规免疫接种。)”的Routine immunization和前文immunization关键词呼应。故选B项。
五、
答案：DEBCF
解析：①空格后说“You also do not need a bunch of fancy equipment, for a pair of basic running shoes should do.(你也不需要一堆花哨的装备,一双基本的跑鞋就可以了)”,因此空格处应提到你需要某物,D选项You do not need a gym membership in order to run.(你不需要为了跑步而去健身房。)说明了跑步不需要你办健身房的会员卡,其中的do not need和后文的also do not need形成呼应,因此D选项符合语境,故选D。
②空格前说“Finally, you do not need to rely on other people, as you do when playing team sports.(最后,你不需要依赖别人,就像你在团队运动时那样。)”,因此跑步这种锻炼方式比较容易坚持,E选项That means you can easily fit exercise into your schedule.(这意味着你可以很容易地把锻炼安排到你的日程中。)承接上文,说明了跑步可以靠自己一个人坚持,因此E选项符合语境,故选E。
③空格后说“When you run, you build strength and endurance(耐力).You give your heart a good workout, too. On top of these benefits, you also build bones stronger, which has long term benefits.(当你跑步时,你建立了力量和耐力。你的心脏也得到了很好的锻炼。除了这些好处之外,你还可以增强骨骼,这是长期的好处。)”,因此本段主要是讲跑步的好处,B选项You can harvest many benefits from running.(你可以从跑步中收获很多好处。)引出了下文的内容,说明了跑步有很多好处,因此B选项符合语境,故选B。
④空格后说“Running helps increase your level of endorphins(内啡肽),which are chemicals that relieve pain and make you more relaxed. When these endorphins reach the brain, they can make the runner feel a kind of excitement. And, beyond the temporary runner's high, running regularly helps people with depression improve their moods.(跑步有助于提高内啡肽的水平,内啡肽是一种可以缓解疼痛、让你更放松的化学物质。当这些内啡肽到达大脑时,会让跑步者感到一种兴奋。而且,除了暂时的跑步者兴奋之外,定期跑步还能帮助抑郁症患者改善他们的情绪。)”,说明跑步可以使跑步者兴奋,C选项In fact, the expression “runner's high” really exits.(事实上,“跑步者是兴奋的”这个说法确实存在。)说明跑步让人兴奋,因此C选项符合语境,故选C。
⑤空格处是全文最后一句,应起着总结作用,空格前说“Additionally, no one has ever proven that the average runner's routine leads to joint problems.(此外,还没有人证明一般跑步者的日常活动会导致关节问题。)”,说明跑步没有什么不好,我们应该开始跑步,F选项So grab a pair of running shoes and start your new life as a runner!(所以,买一双跑鞋,开始你跑步的新生活吧!)总结全文,发起号召,符合语境,故选F。
六、
答案：①-⑤CBEFD
解析：这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Rochester(罗彻斯特)附近的几个好去处。
①根据上句“Crossing the pedestrian bridge that connects our school to its surrounding neighborhood reminds us that there's more to Rochester than just our school. (穿过那座连接我们校园和它的周围街区的步行桥提醒我们除了我们学校，在Rochester附近有更多的地方)”可知要去更多的地方，就要通过那座桥。因此C. But how often do we cross that bridge (但是我们多久才穿过那座桥一次)符合语境，故选C。
②根据下句“It's a big, wide open produce market that happens every Saturday on Union Street. (在联合大街上，那是一个大的，开阔的生产市场，每个周六营业)”可知，这是对一个市场的具体描述。因此B. Go to the Public Market. (去公共市场)符合语境。故选B。
③根据上句“Rochester is full of cafes and spots to sit and study. (罗彻斯特有许多咖啡馆和闲坐学习的场所)”可知，在学校之外，还有学习的地方。因此E. If you can focus outside of our own library, do it. (如果你想去我们学校图书馆之外的地方，你可以去那里)符合语境。故选E。
④根据上句“Most venues offer shows for less than $10. (大多数场馆的票价低于10美元)”可知，这里介绍演出票价。因此F. Additionally, all student concerts at Eastman are free for students at our school. (此外，在Eastman举行的所有学生音乐会对我们学校的学生免费)符合语境。故选F。
⑤根据上句“Or, if you know somebody with a car, go to Letchworth and see the waterfalls. (或者，你认识的人如果有车的话，就可以去Letchworth看瀑布)”可知，有机会就多出去看看，开阔视野。因此D. No matter what it is, going outside always helps. (无论是什么，去外面总是有益处的)符合语境，故选D。
七、
答案：CGEBF
解析：①推理判断题。根据前文But, surprisingly, some people feel more depressed in spring and summer than at other times of the year. The days getting warmer and longer, and the fact that spring flowers and blossom represent new beginnings for some people, just make the spring blues worse for others(但令人惊讶的是,一些人在春天和夏天比一年中的其他时候更感到沮丧。天气变得越来越暖和,时间也越来越长,对一些人来说春天的花朵代表着新的开始,而对另一些人来说却使春天的忧伤变得更糟);以及后一段的开头What Causes Reverse Sad(什么导致反向悲伤),可知表示这种现象有时被称为"反向悲伤"的选项C可以起到承上启下的作用,Reverse Sad是关键词,故选C。
②推理判断题。根据前句With winter SAD, less sunlight is thought to disrupt the body's internal clock and bring on depression(冬季悲伤时,阳光的减少被认为会扰乱身体的内部时钟并导致抑郁),可知表示"另一方面、反向悲伤可能是由干阳光过多造成的"的选项G符合前后的对比关系,winter SAD和Reverse SAD是关键词,故选G。
③推理判断题。根据主题句How Do You Recognize It(你如何识别它);以及后句Do you love the cold and feel much more energized at that time of year, while spring makes you feel much less positive(你喜欢寒冷,在一年中的这个时候感觉精力充沛,而春天让你感觉不那么积极吗),可知表示"和传统的悲伤一样,每年春季抑郁症都会在同一时间出现"的选项E符合前后的语境,Recognize it和at the same time every year是关键词,故选E。
④主题判断题。根据后文Exercise can work wonders. A study found that ten weeks of standard exercise was 20 per cent more effective than medication(锻炼可以产生奇迹。一项研究发现,十周的标准锻炼比药物治疗有效20%),可知表示"你能摆脱春天的忧郁吗"的选项B可以做下一段的主题,work wonders和Shake off the Spring Blues是关键词,故选B。
⑤推理判断题。根据前文Exercise can work wonders. A study found that ten weeks of standard exercise was 20 per cent more effective than medication. And get plenty of sleep. Try to get up at the same time every day, even if you haven't slept well(锻炼可以产生奇迹。一项研究发现,十周的标准锻炼比药物治疗有效20%。而且要有充足的睡眠。每天尽量在同一时间起床,即使你睡得不好),可知表示"但是如果你的抑郁症没有好转的迹象,请看医生"的选项F和前文构成转折关系,Exercise can work wonders和if your depression shows no sign of lifting是关键词,故选F。
八、
答案：①-⑤DFAGC
解析：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了秋季露营的一些使旅途更加难忘的技巧，包括应对变冷的天气，计划好做饭的时间，小心熊和其他动物等。
①由上文“Many campers (露营者) love to plan their trips during autumn season.”（许 多露营者都喜欢计划秋季旅行。）和下文“autumn season offers lots of activities that make your outdoor adventure more fun”（秋天的季节可以提供许多活动，使您的户外探险更加有 趣！）可知，此处讲述秋季露营会带来很多乐趣，由逗号可知，空处应是一个从句，从 D、 E 项中选择，D 项“无论你是一个人露营，还是和朋友一起”符合语境，用让步状语从句强 调露营的快乐。故选 D 项。
②根据上文“Autumn weather is very unpredictable.”（秋天的天气难以预测）可知， 秋天天气多变，结合下文“You wouldn’t want your trip to be ruined because you keep waking up in the early morning because of cold weather.（你一定不希望你的旅行因为寒冷的天气而 被打乱。）”可推断设空处讲述秋天天气多变，会变得寒冷，因此推断 F 项“可能一直到下 午早些时候都很热，但太阳下山后就很冷了”符合语境，解释前文，引出下文。讲述秋天 天气多变，不要因为天气毁掉旅行。故选 F 项。
③空处为段落标题。根据下文“An important thing to keep in mind is that the days are shorter during cool seasons. More importantly, food takes longer to cook when the weather is cold. So schedule your cooking times to make sure that you enjoy your meal times.”（要记住的 一件重要的事情是，在凉爽的季节，白天会变短。更重要的是，天气寒冷时，食物需要 花费更长的时间烹饪，因此请安排烹饪时间，以确保你享受用餐时间。）可知，本段讲述 寒冷天气注意安排烹饪时间。A 选项“安排你的烹饪时间”为段落标题。故选 A 项。
④由上文“Be careful with bears. Any camper knows that it is quite important to protect themselves from bears and other wildlife. But we must be extra careful during fall season.”（小 心熊。任何露营者都知道保护自己免受熊和其他野生动植物的侵害是非常重要的。但是 在秋天我们必须格外小心。）可知，本段陈述在露营时要小心熊，特别是秋季要格外小心， 因此推断设空处应是解释原因，故 G 选项“那是因为随着冬天临近，这段时间野生动物变 得更加活跃以寻找食物。）符合语境。that 指代上文提到“秋天要格外小心熊”，上下文构 成因果关系。故选 G 项。
⑤由上文“Go apple or pumpkin picking.There are lots of apple trees in the country where you camp. If you're lucky enough to have one near your chosen campsite, To get even more fun out of autumn, you can also choose to go pumpkin picking.”（去摘苹果或南瓜吧。 营地所在的乡下有很多苹果树）。可知，本段讲述可以去采摘苹果和南瓜，露营的乡下有 许多苹果树，下文“consider apple picking during the day.”(请考虑在白天采摘苹果)提到了采 摘苹果。由逗号可知，设空处是一个从句，要想摘苹果，就要有苹果树，因此推断 C 选 项“如果您有幸在所选营地附近有一棵苹果树”符合语境。故选 C 项。
九、
答案：①-⑤GAECB
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在决定是否去国外读商科课程时，如何做成本效益分析。①上文“When deciding whether to go to a business graduate program in a foreign country, do a cost-benefit analysis.(在决定是否去国外读商科研究生课程时，做一个成本效益分析)”讲去国外读商科研究生课程前需要做成本效益分析，G项“Here is an outline of the pluses and minuses associated with going abroad for B-school.(以下是出国读商学院的优缺点概述)”将“cost-benefit analysis”内容具体化，承接上文，并引出下文“Selling Points and Disadvantages(优点和缺点)”对去国外读商科研究生课程优缺点的分析，承上启下。故选G项。②根据下文“It also allows you to experience different working styles and how certain companies operate, which can be beneficial for future employers who want employees with global experience.(它还可以让你体验不同的工作风格和某些公司的运作方式，这对未来想要拥有全球经验的员工的雇主来说是有益的)”中also可知，上文也是介绍出国读商学院的优点，A项“This will help in future work opportunities.(这将有助于未来的工作机会)”和上文“One big advantage is that you will be able to learn about new cultures.(一个很大的优势是你将能够了解新的文化)”一起说明了出国读商学院的另一个优势：让你能了解新的文化，这有助于增加未来的工作机会，符合上下文语意连贯。故选A项。③上一段介绍了出国读商学院的两个优势，结合下文“International flights to and from a foreign school may be expensive. You may find it harder than they expected to get visas (签证) or work permits for your schooling abroad(往返外国学校的国际航班可能很贵。你可能会发现在国外上学要获得签证或工作许可比他们预想的要难)”可知，本段分析了出国读商学院可能面临的问题，所以E项“Unfortunately, there are some downsides to pursuing an MBA overseas.(不幸的是，在海外攻读MBA也有一些缺点)”是对本段段首中心句，且与上一段内容相照应。故选E项。④上文“The standard in some countries is for MBA degrees to be completed within a single year.(在一些国家，MBA学位的标准是在一年内完成)”和C项“In other places the typical time-to-degree is two years.(在其他地方，攻读学位的时间通常是两年)”介绍了不同国家或地区不同的学制设置，是对段首中心句“When comparing MBA programs in different countries, keep several regional distinctions in mind.(在比较不同国家的MBA项目时，要记住几个地区差异)”的举例说明，符合上下文语意连贯。故选C项。⑤下文“In other words, think over the location where you intend to spend the majority of your career.(换句话说，考虑一下你打算在哪里度过你职业生涯的大部分时间)”中提到要考虑自己计划中未来的工作地点，根据句中“In other words”可知是对上文的句意的另一种表述，B项“Another consideration is your final destination.(另一个考虑因素是你的最终目的地)”表达了同样的意思：考虑最终的工作地点，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
十、
答案：AFCEG
解析：①推理判断题。根据上文What is a "transplant " In gardening, transplant is the process of planting seeds inside and then moving the new growth, or sprout, outside. Transplanting is easy and often costs less. You get to watch the new growth happen up close.(什么是"移植" 在园艺中,移植是将种子种在室内,然后将新芽移到室外的过程。移植很容易,而且通常成本更低。你可以近距离观察新的增长)以及后文A garden expert and writer for the Associated Press, Lee Reich ,can give you his advice.(美联社的园艺专家兼作家Lee Reich可以给你他的建议)可知,后文提到了专家给出移植的建议,推测本句是在说明对移植知识不足的担忧。故A项If you are new to this type of gardening, do not worry.(如果你是这种园艺的新手,不要担心)符合语境。故选A。
②推理判断题。根据上文To get started with transplants, you will need a container and soil.(要开始移植,你需要一个容器和土壤)以及后文Fill the containers with a special mix called potting soil and push it down—but not too much.(用一种叫做盆栽土的特殊混合物填充容器,然后往下推一但不要太多)可知,本句是关于移植容器的说明,F项中The containers对应上文中a container。故F项The containers should be between 5 to 10 centimeters deep.(容器深度应在5到10厘米之间)符合语境。故选F。
③段落大意题。根据后文Do this by making a small hole into the mix and put in the seeds. Cover the seeds with the potting soil and press gently again. Place the containers in a pan, or any flat, open, and larger container that could hold some water. Put water into the pan until the water reaches halfway up the containers with the seeds. After a few hours, remove them from the water.(在混合物中打一个小洞,然后把种子放进去。用盆栽土盖住种子,再轻轻按压。将容器放在盘状器皿中,或任何可以容纳一些水的扁平、开口、更大的容器中。向盆中倒入水,直到水达到装有种子的容器的一半。几小时后,把它们从水里捞出来)可知,本段主要是关于种植种子的说明,故C项Then plant seeds, three or four in each container.(然后种下种子,每个容器三到四粒)符合语境。故选C。
④推理判断题。根据上文Seeds need warmth to germinate.(种子需要温暖才能发芽)以及后文A good average temperature for just about all seeds is about 24℃.(对所有种子来说,适宜的平均温度是24℃左右)可知,本段主要是关于种子的温度说明,故E项The amount of warmth needed is different from plant to plant.(不同植物需要的热量不同)符合语境。故选E。
⑤推理判断题。根据上文Now for the exciting part—waiting to see little, green sprouts! Remove all but the strongest sprout from each container.(现在到了激动人心的部分一等待看到小小的绿色芽!从每个容器中取出除最强壮的芽外的所有芽)以及后文Your goal now is to grow strong transplants that can survive a move to the outside garden.(你现在的目标是种植出强壮的移植物,能够在移植物移植到室外后存活)可知,后文提到目标是种植出强壮的移植物,故推测本句是在说明移植的注意事项,故G项Just be careful not to hurt the roots of the sprout that remains.(只要小心不要伤到剩下的芽的根)符合语境。故选G。
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